French submarine Germinal
See also
Citations
Bibliography
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A postcard of sister ship Monge underway before 1915
History
France
Name:
Germinal
Namesake:
The first month of Spring in the French Republican Calendar
Builder:
Arsenal de Cherbourg
Laid down:
1906
Launched:
23 August 1907
Completed:
30 December 1908
Struck:
1 December 1919
Identification:
Pennant number: Q53
Fate:
Scrapped
General characteristics (as built)
Class and type:
Pluviôse-class submarine
Displacement:
- 404 t (398 long tons) (surfaced)
- 553 t (544 long tons) (submerged)
Length:
51.12 m (167 ft 9 in) (o/a)
Beam:
4.96 m (16 ft 3 in)
Draft:
3.15 m (10 ft 4 in)
Installed power:
- 700 PS (510 kW; 690 bhp) (steam)
- 2 × Du Temple boilers
- 400 PS (290 kW; 390 bhp) (electric motors)
Propulsion:
- 2 × shafts; 2 × Triple-expansion steam engines
- 2 × electric motors
Speed:
- 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) (surfaced)
- 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) (submerged)
Range:
- 1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 8.5 knots (15.7 km/h; 9.8 mph) (surfaced)
- 27 nmi (50 km; 31 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) (submerged)
Complement:
2 officers and 23 crewmen
Armament:
- 1 × 450 mm (17.7 in) bow torpedo tube
- 1 × twin 450 mm Drzewiecki drop collar
- 4 × external 450 mm torpedo launchers (2 × facing forward, 2 × aft)
Germinal was one of 18 Pluviôse-class submarines built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century.
See also
- List of submarines of France
Citations
Bibliography
Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
Garier, Gérard (2002). A l'épreuve de la Grande Guerre. L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). 3–2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-81-5.
Garier, Gérard (1998). Des Émeraude (1905-1906) au Charles Brun (1908–1933). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). 2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-34-3.
A postcard of sister ship Monge underway before 1915
FranceGerminal
The first month of Spring in the French Republican Calendar
Arsenal de Cherbourg
1906
23 August 1907
30 December 1908
1 December 1919
Pennant number: Q53
Scrapped
Pluviôse-class submarine
- 404 t (398 long tons) (surfaced)
- 553 t (544 long tons) (submerged)
51.12 m (167 ft 9 in) (o/a)
4.96 m (16 ft 3 in)
3.15 m (10 ft 4 in)
- 700 PS (510 kW; 690 bhp) (steam)
- 2 × Du Temple boilers
- 400 PS (290 kW; 390 bhp) (electric motors)
- 2 × shafts; 2 × Triple-expansion steam engines
- 2 × electric motors
- 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) (surfaced)
- 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) (submerged)
- 1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 8.5 knots (15.7 km/h; 9.8 mph) (surfaced)
- 27 nmi (50 km; 31 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) (submerged)
2 officers and 23 crewmen
- 1 × 450 mm (17.7 in) bow torpedo tube
- 1 × twin 450 mm Drzewiecki drop collar
- 4 × external 450 mm torpedo launchers (2 × facing forward, 2 × aft)
See also
Citations
Bibliography
Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
Garier, Gérard (2002). A l'épreuve de la Grande Guerre. L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). 3–2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-81-5.
Garier, Gérard (1998). Des Émeraude (1905-1906) au Charles Brun (1908–1933). L'odyssée technique et humaine du sous-marin en France (in French). 2. Bourg-en-Bresse, France: Marines édition. ISBN 2-909675-34-3.
