Duchy of Livonia Contents History Administrative divisions See also References External links Navigation...

Brześć KujawskiChełmnoGnieznoInowrocławKaliszŁęczycaMalborkMasovianPłockPomeranianPoznańRawaSieradzPrince-Bishopric of WarmiaBrest LitovskMinskMstsislawNowogródekPołockSmolenskTrakaiVilniusVitebskDuchy of SamogitiaLauenburg and Bütow LandDuchy of PrussiaDuchy of Courland and Semigallia


States and territories established in 1561States and territories disestablished in the 1620sDuchy of LivoniaHistory of Lithuania (1569–1795)1561 establishments in Europe1561 establishments in Lithuania1621 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth


PolishLithuanianLatinEstonianLatvianGrand Duchy of LithuaniaPolish–Lithuanian CommonwealthLatviaEstoniaLivoniaLivonian OrdersecularizedUnion of VilniusLivonian ConfederationLivonian WarsDuchy of Courland and SemigalliaEstoniaLatviaVidzemeLatgaleJan Hieronimowicz ChodkiewiczSigulda CastleGrand Duchy of LithuaniaUnion of Lublinjoint domainPolish CrownThe larger partSwedish EmpirePolish–Swedish warsTruce of AltmarkWenden VoivodeshipInflanty VoivodeshipDaugavpilsfirst Partition of PolandCatherine the GreatRussian EmpireRussian Emperors








































































Duchy of Livonia
Księstwo Inflanckie (pl)
Herzogtum Livland (de)
Ducatus Ultradunensis (la)

Vassal of Grand Duchy of Lithuania,
then of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth






← Baltic coat of arms
1561–1621
→
 
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth→



Coat of arms of Livonia

Coat of arms

Location of Livonia

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth with its major subdivisions after the 1618 Truce of Deulino, superimposed on present-day national borders. Livonia here is coloured dark grey, upper-right, over modern Estonia and Latvia. Swedish Estonia is coloured green.[1]

Capital
Fellin (Viljandi)
58°22′N 25°36′E / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600Coordinates: 58°22′N 25°36′E / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600

Government
Principality

Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland
 •  1561–72
Sigismund II Augustus
 •  1573–75
Henry III de Valois
 •  1576–86
Stephen Báthory and Anna Jagiellon
 •  1588–1621
Sigismund III Vasa

Governor
 •  1566–78
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz

Historical era
Early Modern Age
 • 
Wilno Pact
 November 28, 1561
 • 
Polish–Swedish War
 1620–22
 • 
Treaty of Altmark
 September 25, 1629 1621
 • 
1st Partition of Poland
 August 5, 1772

The Duchy of Livonia[2] (Polish: Księstwo Inflanckie;[3]Lithuanian: Livonijos kunigaikštystė; Latin: Ducatus Ultradunensis; Estonian: Üleväina-Liivimaa hertsogkond; Latvian: Pārdaugavas hercogiste; also referred to as Polish Livonia or Inflanty[4]) was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania—and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern Latvia and southern Estonia.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Administrative divisions


  • 3 See also


  • 4 References


  • 5 External links





History


Livonia had been part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1561, since the Livonian Order was secularized by the Union of Vilnius and the Livonian Confederation dissolved during the Livonian Wars. Part of Livonia, formed the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, while the south-west part of today's Estonia and north-east part of today's Latvia, covering what is now Vidzeme and Latgale, were ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.


In 1566, it was declared as the Duchy of Livonia according to the Treaty of Union between the landowners of Livonia and authorities of Lithuania; Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz became the first Governor of the Duchy (1566–1578) in Sigulda Castle. It was a province of Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, it became a joint domain of the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy.


The larger part of the Duchy was conquered by Swedish Empire during the Polish–Swedish wars, and their gains were recognized in the Truce of Altmark in 1629. The Commonwealth retained southeastern parts of the Wenden Voivodeship, renamed to Inflanty Voivodeship with the capital in Daugavpils (Dyneburg), until the first Partition of Poland in 1772, when it was annexed by Catherine the Great's Russian Empire. The title "Grand Duke of Livonia" was added to the grand title of later Russian Emperors.



Administrative divisions




  • Dorpat Voivodeship (Dorpat) from 1598 to the 1620s


  • Parnawa Voivodeship (Parnawa) from 1598 to the 1620s


  • Wenden Voivodeship (Wenden) from 1598 to the 1620s



See also




  • Inflanty Voivodeship from the 1620s to 1772

  • Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek




Livonian Confederation
Terra Mariana
Estonian SSR
Duchy of Livonia (1721–1917)
Duchy of Livonia (1629–1721)
Duchy of Livonia (1561–1621)
Duchy of Estonia (1721–1917)
Duchy of Estonia (1561–1721)
Danish Estonia
Danish Estonia
Estonia
Ancient Estonia
History of Estonia




Livonian Confederation
Terra Mariana
Latvian SSR
Duchy of Livonia (1721–1917)
Duchy of Livonia (1629–1721)
Duchy of Livonia (1561–1621)
Courland Governorate
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
Latvia
History of Latvia



References





  1. ^ Although colored green, the island of Oesel was not part of Sweden until 1645 and belonged to Danish Crown. It was ceded to Sweden along with Gotland after signing the Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645).


  2. ^ Trade, Diplomacy and Cultural Exchange: Continuity and Change in the North. p. 17. ISBN 90-6550-881-3..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  3. ^ Bojtár, Endre. Foreword to the Past. p. 176. ISBN 978-963-9116-42-9.


  4. ^ Plakans, Andrejs (2011). A Concise History of the Baltic States. Cambridge University Press. p. 95. ISBN 0-521-54155-7.




External links


  • October 2009+06:08:36 Duchy of Livonia








-

Popular posts from this blog

List of shipwrecks in 1808...

Image
Lists of shipwrecks by yearMaritime incidents in 1808 Anglo-Russian Warship of the lineBaltiskiHMS  Centaur HMS  Implacable Royal Navy The list of shipwrecks in 1808 includes some ships sunk, wrecked or otherwise lost during 1808. table of contents 1808 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Unknown date References January 1 January List of shipwrecks: 1 January 1808 Ship Country Description Barrett   United Kingdom The ship was holed by an anchor and sank at Falmouth, Jamaica. [1] Brisk   United Kingdom The ship sprang a leak and was abandoned by her crew. She was on a voyage from London to Africa. [2] Jenny   United Kingdom The sloop collided with a brig off Great Yarmouth, Norfolk and was abandoned by her crew. She was then driven ashore. Jenny was on a voyage from Boston, Lincolnshire to London. [3] Leighton   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on the I...
Read more

Is there a lightweight tool to crop images quickly?Cropping Images using Command Line Tools OnlyHow to crop...

Image
Does every functor from Set to Set preserve products? Why avoid shared user accounts? What to look for when criticizing poetry? Is a new Boolean field better than a null reference when a value can be meaningfully absent? Why zero tolerance on nudity in space? In Linux what happens if 1000 files in a directory are moved to another location while another 300 files were added to the source directory? Why exactly do action photographers need high fps burst cameras? Can we harness gravitational potential energy? What sets the resolution of an analog resistive sensor? How to make ice magic work from a scientific point of view? ...
Read more

How do I enter a file or directory with special characters in its name?How to write the path of a folder with...

Image
Why do members of Congress in committee hearings ask witnesses the same question multiple times? How to remove lines while keeping individual rows visible on a tablet What to do when being responsible for data protection in your lab, yet advice is ignored? Why is this code uniquely decodable? What am I? I am in theaters and computer programs Is there any relevance to Thor getting his hair cut other than comedic value? Six real numbers so that product of any five is the sixth one Is divide-by-zero a security vulnerability? How to properly claim credit for peer review? Does music exist in Panem? And if so, what kinds of music? ...
Read more