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Why do we use polarized capacitor?

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2

1

$begingroup$

I want to know is the polarized capacitor has the advantage that they are used in some circuits?

For example, in a schematic of the BISS001 PIR controller IC, in some places, a polarized capacitor is used and in some places a non-polarized capacitor one.

Can I use a non-polarized capacitor with the same voltage and capacitance instead of these polarizing capacitors?

Reference Docs:

1.BISS001 datasheet

2.HC-SR501 PIR MOTION DETECTOR datasheet

3.Grove - PIR Motion Sensor or EasyEDA link

---

What I've understand from your answers is why the electrolytic capacitors are used, and why these are polarized.
But the designers of this circuit could have used a non-polarized capacitor or even polarized tantalum capacitors. Is it true? As the (Grove - PIR Motion Sensor) module uses polarized tantalum capacitors.

I want to know is the polarized capacitors are being used for circuit protection or is there any other reason(Regardless of the type of capacitor)?
Is there a problem if these capacitors are replaced with non-polarized capacitors in this circuits?

capacitor circuit-design polarity

share|improve this question

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  It's not because we want them polarized, but them being polarized is a consequence of how they'r emade.
  $endgroup$
  – Hearth
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Compare the prices of electrolytic caps with ceramic (or film) caps in the range of 10uF ~22uF (after taking bias voltage derating into consideration) and you will have one of the reasons.
  $endgroup$
  – Wesley Lee
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  The very thin oxide layers, providing insulation for a certain polarity, provides a very compact energy storage module. Just view those useful electrolytic capacitors as early versions of self-assembled-nano-tech; the manufacturing process creates the very thin oxide layer: the oxide is GROWN or FORMED.
  $endgroup$
  – analogsystemsrf
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

1

$begingroup$

I want to know is the polarized capacitor has the advantage that they are used in some circuits?

For example, in a schematic of the BISS001 PIR controller IC, in some places, a polarized capacitor is used and in some places a non-polarized capacitor one.

Can I use a non-polarized capacitor with the same voltage and capacitance instead of these polarizing capacitors?

Reference Docs:

1.BISS001 datasheet

2.HC-SR501 PIR MOTION DETECTOR datasheet

3.Grove - PIR Motion Sensor or EasyEDA link

---

What I've understand from your answers is why the electrolytic capacitors are used, and why these are polarized.
But the designers of this circuit could have used a non-polarized capacitor or even polarized tantalum capacitors. Is it true? As the (Grove - PIR Motion Sensor) module uses polarized tantalum capacitors.

I want to know is the polarized capacitors are being used for circuit protection or is there any other reason(Regardless of the type of capacitor)?
Is there a problem if these capacitors are replaced with non-polarized capacitors in this circuits?

capacitor circuit-design polarity

share|improve this question

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

$endgroup$

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  It's not because we want them polarized, but them being polarized is a consequence of how they'r emade.
  $endgroup$
  – Hearth
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  Compare the prices of electrolytic caps with ceramic (or film) caps in the range of 10uF ~22uF (after taking bias voltage derating into consideration) and you will have one of the reasons.
  $endgroup$
  – Wesley Lee
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  $begingroup$
  The very thin oxide layers, providing insulation for a certain polarity, provides a very compact energy storage module. Just view those useful electrolytic capacitors as early versions of self-assembled-nano-tech; the manufacturing process creates the very thin oxide layer: the oxide is GROWN or FORMED.
  $endgroup$
  – analogsystemsrf
  7 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

I want to know is the polarized capacitor has the advantage that they are used in some circuits?

For example, in a schematic of the BISS001 PIR controller IC, in some places, a polarized capacitor is used and in some places a non-polarized capacitor one.

Can I use a non-polarized capacitor with the same voltage and capacitance instead of these polarizing capacitors?

Reference Docs:

1.BISS001 datasheet

2.HC-SR501 PIR MOTION DETECTOR datasheet

3.Grove - PIR Motion Sensor or EasyEDA link

---

What I've understand from your answers is why the electrolytic capacitors are used, and why these are polarized.
But the designers of this circuit could have used a non-polarized capacitor or even polarized tantalum capacitors. Is it true? As the (Grove - PIR Motion Sensor) module uses polarized tantalum capacitors.

I want to know is the polarized capacitors are being used for circuit protection or is there any other reason(Regardless of the type of capacitor)?
Is there a problem if these capacitors are replaced with non-polarized capacitors in this circuits?

capacitor circuit-design polarity

share|improve this question

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

$endgroup$

share|improve this question

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

edited 22 mins ago

Community♦

1

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

New contributor

hamid mousavi is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

asked 7 hours ago

hamid mousavihamid mousavi

112

1 Answer
1

active

oldest

votes

11

$begingroup$

The physical size of a capacitor is a function of the thickness of the dielectric (among other things).

Early on, it was discovered that the oxides of certain metals (aluminum and tantalum in particular) made good dielectrics, and could be made very thin through a chemical process — orders of magnitude thinner than other dielectrics such as waxed/oiled paper and plastic film. Therefore, the electrolytic capacitor was invented to provide high capacitance in a reasonable volume.

Unfortunately, the chemical process requires that the voltage across the capacitor must have only a single polarity, so these capacitors are "polarized". Reversing the polarity degrades and eventually destroys the oxide layer. It's something we just have to live with in order to take advantage of this technology.

---

The ability to produce high-value capacitors in nonpolarized technologies such as multilayer ceramic means that it is now possible to use them where only a polarized capacitor would have been previously available. There is generally no problem with making this substitution, although you may need to consider some of the quirks of the technology you're switching to.

For example, some high-K (high dielectric constant) ceramics exhibit significant capacitance changes with voltage. This might be acceptable in a coupling or bypass application, but completely unacceptable in a filter design.

share|improve this answer

edited 5 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

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11

$begingroup$

The physical size of a capacitor is a function of the thickness of the dielectric (among other things).

Early on, it was discovered that the oxides of certain metals (aluminum and tantalum in particular) made good dielectrics, and could be made very thin through a chemical process — orders of magnitude thinner than other dielectrics such as waxed/oiled paper and plastic film. Therefore, the electrolytic capacitor was invented to provide high capacitance in a reasonable volume.

Unfortunately, the chemical process requires that the voltage across the capacitor must have only a single polarity, so these capacitors are "polarized". Reversing the polarity degrades and eventually destroys the oxide layer. It's something we just have to live with in order to take advantage of this technology.

---

The ability to produce high-value capacitors in nonpolarized technologies such as multilayer ceramic means that it is now possible to use them where only a polarized capacitor would have been previously available. There is generally no problem with making this substitution, although you may need to consider some of the quirks of the technology you're switching to.

For example, some high-K (high dielectric constant) ceramics exhibit significant capacitance changes with voltage. This might be acceptable in a coupling or bypass application, but completely unacceptable in a filter design.

share|improve this answer

edited 5 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

11

$begingroup$

The physical size of a capacitor is a function of the thickness of the dielectric (among other things).

Early on, it was discovered that the oxides of certain metals (aluminum and tantalum in particular) made good dielectrics, and could be made very thin through a chemical process — orders of magnitude thinner than other dielectrics such as waxed/oiled paper and plastic film. Therefore, the electrolytic capacitor was invented to provide high capacitance in a reasonable volume.

Unfortunately, the chemical process requires that the voltage across the capacitor must have only a single polarity, so these capacitors are "polarized". Reversing the polarity degrades and eventually destroys the oxide layer. It's something we just have to live with in order to take advantage of this technology.

---

The ability to produce high-value capacitors in nonpolarized technologies such as multilayer ceramic means that it is now possible to use them where only a polarized capacitor would have been previously available. There is generally no problem with making this substitution, although you may need to consider some of the quirks of the technology you're switching to.

For example, some high-K (high dielectric constant) ceramics exhibit significant capacitance changes with voltage. This might be acceptable in a coupling or bypass application, but completely unacceptable in a filter design.

share|improve this answer

edited 5 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

$endgroup$

add a comment | 

$begingroup$

The physical size of a capacitor is a function of the thickness of the dielectric (among other things).

Early on, it was discovered that the oxides of certain metals (aluminum and tantalum in particular) made good dielectrics, and could be made very thin through a chemical process — orders of magnitude thinner than other dielectrics such as waxed/oiled paper and plastic film. Therefore, the electrolytic capacitor was invented to provide high capacitance in a reasonable volume.

Unfortunately, the chemical process requires that the voltage across the capacitor must have only a single polarity, so these capacitors are "polarized". Reversing the polarity degrades and eventually destroys the oxide layer. It's something we just have to live with in order to take advantage of this technology.

---

The ability to produce high-value capacitors in nonpolarized technologies such as multilayer ceramic means that it is now possible to use them where only a polarized capacitor would have been previously available. There is generally no problem with making this substitution, although you may need to consider some of the quirks of the technology you're switching to.

For example, some high-K (high dielectric constant) ceramics exhibit significant capacitance changes with voltage. This might be acceptable in a coupling or bypass application, but completely unacceptable in a filter design.

share|improve this answer

edited 5 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

$endgroup$

share|improve this answer

edited 5 hours ago

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267

answered 7 hours ago

Dave Tweed♦Dave Tweed

123k9152267